鍍鋅板是指表(biao)面鍍有(you)一層(ceng)鋅(xin)的鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。鍍鋅(xin)是一種(zhong)經(jing)常采用的經(jing)濟而(er)有(you)效(xiao)的防銹方法,世界上鋅(xin)產量的一半左右均用于此種(zhong)工藝。鍍鋅(xin)鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是為(wei)(wei)防止鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)面遭受腐蝕延長其使用壽命,在鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)面涂以一層(ceng)金(jin)屬鋅(xin),這種(zhong)涂鋅(xin)的鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)稱為(wei)(wei)鍍鋅(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。
按(an)生產及(ji)加工方(fang)法可分為以下(xia)幾類:
①熱浸(jin)(jin)鍍鋅鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)。將薄鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)浸(jin)(jin)入(ru)熔解的鋅槽中,使其(qi)表面粘附(fu)一層(ceng)鋅的薄鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)。目前主(zhu)要采用連續(xu)鍍鋅工藝(yi)生(sheng)產,即(ji)把成卷的鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)連續(xu)浸(jin)(jin)在熔解有(you)鋅的鍍槽中制成鍍鋅鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban);
②合(he)金化鍍鋅(xin)鋼板。這種鋼板也(ye)是(shi)用熱浸法(fa)制造(zao),但在(zai)出槽后,立(li)即(ji)把它(ta)加(jia)熱到500℃左右,使其(qi)生(sheng)成鋅(xin)和鐵的合(he)金薄膜。這種鍍鋅(xin)板具有良好的涂料的密著(zhu)性和焊接性;
③電鍍(du)(du)鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)。用電鍍(du)(du)法(fa)制(zhi)造(zao)這種鍍(du)(du)鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)具(ju)有良(liang)好(hao)的(de)加工性。但(dan)鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)較薄,耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)性不如熱(re)浸法(fa)鍍(du)(du)鋅板(ban);
④單面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)和雙(shuang)(shuang)面(mian)(mian)差鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼板。單面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼板,即只在(zai)一面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)的產品。在(zai)焊接、涂裝、防銹處理、加工(gong)等(deng)方面(mian)(mian),具有比雙(shuang)(shuang)面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)板更好的適應性。
為克服單面(mian)未涂鋅(xin)的缺點,又有一種在(zai)另面(mian)涂以薄層鋅(xin)的鍍鋅(xin)板,即雙(shuang)面(mian)差鍍鋅(xin)板;
⑤合金(jin)、復合鍍(du)鋅鋼板。它是用鋅和其他金(jin)屬如(ru)鋁、鉛(qian)、鋅等制成合金(jin)乃至復合鍍(du)成的(de)鋼板。這種鋼板既具(ju)有卓越的(de)防銹性(xing)能,又有良好的(de)涂裝性(xing)能;
除上述(shu)五種外,還有(you)彩色(se)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼板(ban)(ban)、印花涂裝鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼板(ban)(ban)、聚(ju)氯(lv)乙烯(xi)疊層(ceng)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)鋼板(ban)(ban)等。但目前最常用的仍為熱浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)。
主要生(sheng)產廠及進(jin)口生(sheng)產國家:
①國內主要生(sheng)產廠:武鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、鞍鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、寶(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)黃石、中冶(ye)恒(heng)通(tong)、首鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、邯鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、馬(ma)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、福(fu)建凱(kai)景等(deng);
②國外主(zhu)要生產國有日本、德國、俄羅斯、法(fa)國、韓國等。